HOW TO START A PYTHON PROGRAMMER IV
What is operator in Python language
The operator is user to what function is need to work example 5+6 in this + is the operator and the function in this example is addition.The different types Operators which support Python language.
- Arithmetic Operators
- Comparison Operators or Relational
- Assignment Operators
- Logical Operators
- Bit-wise Operators
- Membership Operators
- Identity Operators
The Arithmetic Operators
| Operator | Description | Function |
|---|---|---|
| + (Addition) | Adds values on either side of the operator. | x + y = z |
| – (Subtraction) | Subtracts right hand operand from left hand operand. | x – y = -z |
| * (Multiplication) | Multiplies values on either side of the operator | x * y = z |
| / (Division) | Divides left hand operand by right hand operand | b / a = z |
| % Modulus | Divides left hand operand by right hand operand and returns remainder | b % a = 0 |
| ** Exponent | Performs exponential (power) calculation on operators | a**b =10 to the power 20 |
| // | Floor Division – The division of operands where the result is the quotient in which the digits after the decimal point are removed. But if one of the operands is negative, the result is floored, i.e., rounded away from zero (towards negative infinity) − | 9//2 = 4 and 9.0//2.0 = 4.0, -11//3 = -4, -11.0//3 = -4.0 |
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The Comparison Operators or Relational
The operator is used for the comparison that means less than (<), equal to (==)
| Operator | Description | Function |
|---|---|---|
| == | The values of two operands are equal | (a == b) |
| != | The values of two operands are not equal, then condition becomes true. | (a != b) is true. |
| <> | The values of two operands are not equal, then condition becomes true. | (a <> b) is true. This is similar to != operator. |
| > | The value of left operand is greater than the value of right operand. | (a > b) is not true. |
| < | The value of left operand is less than the value of right operand, | (a < b) is true. |
| >= | The value of left operand is greater than or equal to the value of right operand. | (a >= b) is not true. |
| <= | The value of left operand is less than or equal to the value of right operand. | (a <= b) is true. |
The Assignment Operators
This operator is used for assigning the value that means a=10, this means the value of a is 10.
| Operator | Description | Function |
|---|---|---|
| = | Assigns values from right side operands to left side operand | c = a + b assigns value of a + b into c |
| += Add AND | It adds right operand to the left operand and assign the result to left operand | c += a is equivalent to c = c + a |
| -= Subtract AND | It subtracts right operand from the left operand and assign the result to left operand | c -= a is equivalent to c = c – a |
| *= Multiply AND | It multiplies right operand with the left operand and assign the result to left operand | c *= a is equivalent to c = c * a |
| /= Divide AND | It divides left operand with the right operand and assign the result to left operand | c /= a is equivalent to c = c / a |
| %= Modulus AND | It takes modulus using two operands and assign the result to left operand | c %= a is equivalent to c = c % a |
| **= Exponent AND | Performs exponential (power) calculation on operators and assign value to the left operand | c **= a is equivalent to c = c ** a |
| //= Floor Division | It performs floor division on operators and assign value to the left operand | c //= a is equivalent to c = c // a |
The Bit-wise Operators
The operator which perform the bit operations that means logical AND, NOT
| Operator | Description | Function |
|---|---|---|
| AND | Operator copies a bit to the result if it exists in both operands | (a & b) (means 0000 1100) |
| | OR | It copies a bit if it exists in either operand. | (a | b) = 61 (means 0011 1101) |
| XOR | It copies the bit if it is set in one operand but not both. | (a ^ b) = 49 (means 0011 0001) |
| ~ Ones Complement | It is unary and has the effect of ‘flipping’ bits. | (~a ) = -61 (means 1100 0011 in 2’s complement form due to a signed binary number. |
| << Left Shift | The left operands value is moved left by the number of bits specified by the right operand. | a << 2 = 240 (means 1111 0000) |
| >> Right Shift | The left operands value is moved right by the number of bits specified by the right operand. | a >> 2 = 15 (means 0000 1111) |
The Membership Operators
The operator which used for the membership in a sequence, such as strings, lists, or tuples.
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| in | Evaluates to true if it finds a variable in the specified sequence and false otherwise. | x in y, here in results in a 1 if x is a member of sequence y. |
| not in | Evaluates to true if it does not finds a variable in the specified sequence and false otherwise. | x not in y, here not in results in a 1 if x is not a member of sequence y. |
The Identity Operators
The operator function is for memory address of the object
| Operator | Description | function |
|---|---|---|
| is | If the variables on either side of the operator point to the same object and false otherwise. | x is y, here is results in 1 if id(x) equals id(y). |
| is not | If the variables on either side of the operator point to the same object and true otherwise. | x is not y, here is not results in 1 if id(x) is not equal to id(y). |
